| Essence |
Tert-Butylhydroquinone or E319, also known as the TBHQ, is a type of phenol, synthetic in its antioxidant nature but also considered an aromatic organic compound due to its chemical composition. It helps shelf life and does not alter the taste, odor, or color of the food or supplement it is added. It has also plenty of industrial applications. It is a derivative of Hydroquinone. |
| Names |
TBHQ, Tertiary Butylhydroquinone, 2-tert-Butyl-1,4-benzenediol, Avox BHT-T, Butylhydroxinon, E319, Tert-Butylhydroquinone, and others. |
| Sourcing |
Isobutylene and P-Cresol. |
| Manufacturing |
The sourcing ingredients are combined (alkylation) in the presence of sulfuric acid (or other acid catalysts). This creates a mixture of 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol and 2-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol. These then undergo purification to separate and isolate the latter. That compound is then oxidized by either Hydrogen Peroxide or Nitric Acid (or another oxidizing agent. And this creates TBHQ which is then distilled to remove any impurities. |
| Application |
Antioxidant (synthetic, not very water-soluble) and preservative. |
| Acceptable Daily Intake |
Up to 0.7 milligrams on every kilogram of body weight is claimed to be safe. |
| Side Effects |
It likely has a profoundly negative impact on the immune system and immune response. Other side effects may include vomiting, ringing in the ears, nausea, and even convulsions. Visual disturbances are also possible. In high amounts (or possibly just in general), it can easily lead to stomach tumors and DNA damage. |
| Benefits |
In theory, its antioxidant activity can provide some health benefits. |
| Studies |
1,280+ studies on Pubmed. 65+ studies on safety. |
| Allergens |
Likely not Soy-Free or Corn-Free. Namely, P-Cresol can be derived from Soy or Corn. |
| Diet Restrictions |
May not be compatible with Halal or Kosher. |
| Health Knight Assessment |
Seriously Harmful. | Category 5 Additive. |
| Products |
Tert-Butylhydroquinone (E319) can be found in processed foods like instant noodles, quick soups, spreads, sauces, chocolate bars, peanut butter, biscuits, nachos, cookies, peanuts, chips, crackers, chocolates, brownies, pastries, cakes, hot dogs, chicken nuggets, popcorn, margarine, crisps, spicy beans, cereal bars, sunflower seeds, sausages, french fries, and more. |
