| Essence |
Adipic Acid (E355) is an organic, saturated compound known as dicarboxylic acid that can be used in foods primarily as an acidity regulator and physically presents itself as a white, crystalline solid. It’s a synthetic compound. |
| Names |
Hexanedioic acid, Adipinic acid, Butanedioic acid, E355, Adipic Acid, and others. |
| Sourcing |
It all starts with Cyclohexane, a cycloalkane hydrocarbon (cyclic compound) that is colorless, flammable, and with a distinct smell. |
| Manufacturing |
The sourcing ingredient undergoes oxidation with air or nitric acid while in the presence of a catalyst like a manganese salt or a cobalt salt. The outcome of that (cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone) is mixed with sulfuric acid and heated. After this, nitric acid oxidation is used whilst in specific temperatures (typically approximately 140°C to 170°C) and pressure conditions (under atmospheric pressure or slightly elevated). Finally, it undergoes purification. |
| Application |
Acidity regulator, buffering agent, preservative, flavor enhancer, pH regulator, and dough conditioner. It is highly soluble in water. |
| Acceptable Daily Intake |
None determined. |
| Side Effects |
Allergic reactions can, of course, occur. But other than that, it seems that it can only cause some gastrointestinal discomfort like bloating, diarrhea, and gas. Furthermore, any of these effects will typically be mild and transient. |
| Benefits |
None. |
| Studies |
1,195+ studies on Pubmed. 30+ studies on safety. |
| Allergens |
None. |
| Diet Restrictions |
None. |
| Health Knight Assessment |
Harmless. | Hence, it’s a Category 1 Additive. |
| Products |
Adipic Acid (E355) can be used in processed foods such as desserts (typically gelatin), jellies, instant noodles, cookies, sandwiches, dairy-free mozzarella, candy, salsa, gel snacks, mints, salt substitutes, cakes, sour gummies, ice creams, cheese, pizza rolls, pastries, pies, pizzas, and more. |
